Calama is one of the driest cities in the world, with an average annual rainfall of just 0.2 millimeters. The city is located in the Atacama Desert, which is the driest non-polar desert in the world. The Atacama Desert has been dry for millions of years, and there are some places in the desert where rain has never been recorded.
The lack of rain in Calama is due to a number of factors, including the high altitude of the city, the rain shadow effect of the Andes Mountains, and the cold Humboldt Current that flows along the coast of Chile. The high altitude of Calama means that the air is thinner, which makes it less likely for water vapor to condense and form raindrops. The rain shadow effect of the Andes Mountains means that the moisture from the Pacific Ocean is blocked by the mountains before it can reach Calama. The cold Humboldt Current also contributes to the dry climate of Calama by cooling the air and making it less likely for water vapor to condense.
Despite the lack of rain, Calama is a thriving city. The city is home to a number of mining operations, and it is also a popular tourist destination. The Atacama Desert is home to a number of unique and interesting natural features, including salt flats, geysers, and volcanoes.
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