iSindebele Composition Writing

IsiNdebele composition writing tips

Indaba elandisayo

-njengo mfundi wesi Ndebele ukhangelelwe ukubhala indaba elandisayo ngesihloko osiphiweyo.
-kubalulekile ukuthi ucecise indaba yakho ngolimi olumnandi olujulileyo olunjenge zaga, izitsho, amazwi ahlakaniphileyo lezifenqo.
-kumele indaba yakho ihlekise, ikhange kumbe imangalise oyibalayo.
-kumele indaba yakho ibele singeniso, umzimba lesiphetho.

Indaba echasisayo

.enye indaba okhangelelwe ukuyibhala ngechasisisayo.

.ubhala uchasisa ngendlela ecacileyo olunye ulutho olwaziwa ngcono nguwe.
Isibonelo: Umuntu engimthandayo.
.kumele uchasise ngendlela ezakwenza abantu bakholwe lokho obhala ngakho.
.cecisa ulimi ngezaga, amazwi ahlakaniphileyo lezifenqo.
.utshengise isingeniso, umzimba lesiphetho sendaba yakho.
Ingxoxo
.lapha ubhala indaba elabantu ababili kumbe abathathu bexoxa.
.bhala ibizo lalo okhulumayo esandleni sokhohlo ubusubhala inkulumo yakhe
phambili.
.bhala imizila emifitshane ingabi mide kakhulu kucine kungazakwali ukuthi
ubhala ngani.
.ungafaki imibono eminengi emzileni owodwa.
.bhala impendulo ungakafaki omunye umbono ukwenzela ukuthi inkulumo
yakho izwakale.

Incwadi Yobungane (friendly letter)

1.Le yincwadi ebhalelwa abangane lezihlobo zakho ezitshiyeneyo.
2.Kule incwadi ungalandisa konke okuthandayo okuphathelane lesihloko osiphiweyo.
3.Ungabuza amavuko lempilo.
Indlela yokubhala incwadi yobungane
.bhala ikheli yakho esandleni sokunene kumbe kwesokunxele, ungafaki impawu zolimi.
.bhala ilanga (date) ngaphansi kwekheli.
.bhala isibingelelo ngaphansi kwelanga- isibonelo- Sipho kumbe Mzawami.
.bhala umzimba wencwadi yakho olesingeniso, iziqendu(paragraphs) lesiphetho.
.kuqakathekile ukuthi uhle ubhale isizatho sakho sokubhala incwadi kuso isingeniso.
.ungabingelela izihlobo labangane emaphethelweni encwadi yakho hatshi ekuqaliseni.
.cecisa njalo ujulise ulimi ngezaga, izitsho, izenzukuthi lezifenqo.
-valelisa uziqamba ukuthi ungubani kodwa akudingakali ukuthi ubhale isibongo ngoba lowo ombhalelayo uyakwazi.
-isibonelo:
Yimi umntanakho
uSihle

Incwadi Yebhizimusi (business letter)

1.Kumele uhle ubhale ngesicelo sakho ungalandisi okunengi.

2. Kumele uhle ucace ukuthi ufunani kalikho ithuba lokubuza impilo lamavuko.
   Indlela yokubhala incwadi yebhizimusi
   .bhala ikheli yakho esandleni senxele kumbe kwesokudla.
   .ikheli kayifakwa impawu zolimi
   .bhala ilanga (date).
   .bhala ikheli yalapho okuya khona incwadi esandleni sokhohlo.
   .bhala isibingelelo (salutation)- Mnumzana kumbe Nkosikazi.
   .bhala injongo yencwadi yakho (re). Isibonelo- Injongo: Ukudinga umsebenzi ngekhefu lika Mpalakazi.
   .bhala ke umzimba wencwadi olesingeniso leziqendu (paragraphs), lesiphetho.
   .valelisa uziqamba ngamabizo akho onke.
   .Isibonelo:
   Yimi
   uSiginyamatshe Dlodlo

Impikisano (debate)

-lapha ubhala uveza imibono etshiyeneyo.
-ubhala uchasisa umbono wakho ngaleso sihloko njalo usekela imibono le.
-kumele ulethe imicijo (points) ebanzi ngohlangothi oyabe ulukhethile.
-hlela imicijo yakho kuhle ngokulandelana kwayo hatshi ukuyixubanisa.

-kumele ubhale isingeniso, umzimba lesiphetho.
-bhala ngolimi olucacileyo, oluzwisisekayo, olujulileyo njalo oluhlabusayo

Inkondlo (poem)

-inkondlo ilotshwa zimbongi ngezinto ezitshiyeneyo.
-njengomfundi wesiNdebele ukhangelelwe ukwenelisa ukubhala eyakho inkondlo.
-inkondlo iveza imizwa etshiyeneyo enjengo kudana, ukujabula, ukuthetha, ukuxolisa, ukukhuleka kumbe ukulaya.
-inkondlo ivame ukumumatha isifundo kumbe izifundo ezithile.
-inkondlo njalo ingabhalwa ngezinanakazana, izinyamazana kumbe izihlahla loba nje yikuphi okutholakala emhlabeni.
-inkondlo yona kayila ziqendu (paragraphs) kodwa ilendima (stanzas), kayibhalwa njenge ndatshana.
-inkondlo njalo ingaveza ububi lobuhle balokho obhala ngakho.

Umbiko (report)

-lapha ubhala uchasisa kumbe ulandisa ngalokho okubonileyo kumbe okubonwe ngomunye.
-kungaba ngokwenzileyo wena kumbe okwenziwe ngomunye.
-kungaba njalo ngumbiko walokho okuzwileyo wena kumbe abanye bakuzwile bakuxoxela.
-umbiko ungabhalwa njalo emsebenzini njengamapholisa, amasotsha, abantwana besikolo (pupils), ababalisi (teachers) and labaphathi bezikolo (school heads).
-izibonelo zemibiko zitholakala kumaphephandaba (newspapers), kumabonakude (television), kumawayilesi (radio) laku(magazines).
-ukuhlelwa koMbiko

.Ku (To) : Maneja (The General Manager)
.Ngu (From) : Ibizo lakho lomsebenzi owenzayo uma kudingeka.
.Ilanga (Date):

.Isihloko (Title):
.ngemva kwalokhu bhala isingeniso, umzimba lesiphetho sombiko wakho.
Indlela yokubhala indaba, incwadi, ingxoxo, umbiko kumbe impikisano
.kumele ugxile esihlokweni asiphiweyo.
.usebenzise ubuciko bolimi(i)imitsho eqondileyo elezipele eziqondileyo (i)ulimi olujulileyo (iii) ulimi olufaneleyo( register- formality and informality).
.indaba yakho kumele ibe lesingeniso(introduction), umzimba (body) lesiphetho (conclusion).
.kumele ibe leziqedu (paragraphs) lempawu zolimi eziqondileyo (punctuation).
.kuqakathekile ukunanzelela ubude obufaneleyo bendaba (required length and number of words).
-bumba imitsho eqondileyo.
-cecisa ulimi ngezaga( proverbs) , izitsho (idiomatic expressions) , izifenqo (imagery) izenzukuthi etc.
-xoxa ngendlela elokuhambelana hatshi ukuxubanisa izenzakalo.
Isibonelo: “Sahamba ngebhasi enhle okwamagama. Savuka kusithi nwe
silungiselela ukuya ekhaya.”
-bhala isingeniso esihlabusayo hatshi esinganiki amadlabuzane.
Isibonelo: 1.“kwakungolwe sihlanu mhla sivakatshela ekhaya.” 2.”Kuthiwa
kwakukhona enye indoda….” 3.Ukuchasisa ngomumo womkhathi ongelani lesihloko akuqondanga.
-ungabhali imitsho emide kakhulu engadala amaphutha amakhulu.
-imibuzo cikozi ingasetshenziswa lapho okufanele khona.
-ungasebenzisi amabala ongawaziyo ingcazelo yawo.
-ungabhali indaba ngesihloko ongasizwisisiyo.
-bumba kuhle amabala ubhale okukhanyayo.
-zonke inombolo lezikhathi kazibhalwe ngamabala.
Isibonelo: Ngileminyaka elitshumi lambili hatshi ukuthi ngile 12 years.

Amaphutha amakhulu (gross errors)

Kumele unanzelele amaphutha alandelayo ngoba yiwo enza indaba yakho ibe lemiklomelo ephansi.
1.Izipele –nanzelela ukuthi ubhala izipele eziqondileyo sonke isikhathi.
2.Izivumelwano. Isibonelo- Ubaba bayagamula.
3.Amabala angafanelanga. Isibonelo- Umamakhe umnike imali.
4.Ukweqa amabala.

5. Impawu- nanzelela impawu zolimi ongqi (fullstops), amakhoma (comma), izibabazo (exclamation mark), impawu zokubuza (question mark), omakopela (quotation marks) njalo njalo.

Ukucesisa ulimi

-kumele utshengise ulwazi olujulileyo lwesiNdebele.
-kumele wenelise ukucecisa ulimi lwakho ngamazwi ahlakaniphileyo atshengisa
ulimi olujulileyo.
-indaba elesi Ndebele esilula esiduma kayitholi imiklomelo ephezulu.
-mfundi ungasebenzisa indlela ezilandelayo ukucecisa ulimi

1. Izaga.
   IsiNdebele njengazo zonke indimi lulimi olunone kakhulu ngezaga. Izaga ezimbili kumbe ezintathu zingenza umehluko omkhulu endabeni lemiklomelo ingathuthuka. Nanzi ezinye izaga ongazisebenzisa.
   .uyibambe ngesidukwini-amandla akuye
   .izandla ziyagezana- abantu bayancedana
   .ikhotha eyikhothayo-unceda okuncedayo lawe
   .udiwo lufuze imbiza- umntwana ufuze abazali bakhe
   .ikhula lamanono ayo- umtwana ukhula lezenzo zakhe
   .guga sithebe kade wacholela- yekela ngiluphale kade ngangizenza izinto ezinhle
   .udlela emakhukhwini-uyancitshana

.imbila yaswela umsila ngokulayezala- othanda ukuthuma katholi lutho
.walutheza olulenkume- waluthwala udubo
.inhlanzi itshelwe ngamanzi- usehlupheka kanti ubehlezi kuhle

2. Izitsho
   Indimi zonke zilezitsho, isiNdebele laso lulimi olulezitsho ezinengi okwamagama. Nanzi ezinye izitsho ongazisebenzisa
   .kwakungabizwa ozwayo- kwakukholiswa/ kwakumnandi
   .impisi isisidla umniniyo-sokumnyama kakhulu
   .engagqize qhakala-engelandaba
   .abantu kwakulitshebetshebe-babebanengi
   .ngangithabe ngimanzi-ngithabe kakhulu
   .ngamathe lolimi-bayathandana
   .egane unwabu-ethukuthele/ezonde kakhulu
   .esidla amalahle/amalangabi-ezonde/ethukuthele kakhulu
   .esidla inqweqwe zomlomo-uyalamba
   .umangoye selala eziko-kuyalanjwa
   .ulolimi-uyanyeya
   .ngundimi mbili-ukhuluma eguqula inkulumo uma sekhuluma lomunye
   .wande ngolimi-uthanda ukukhuluma kodwa engenzi lutho
   .ulolimi olubi-ulenhlamba
   .lijaha limajaha mabili- lijaha elihle

3 Izifenqo (figures of speech)
.sidinwe njengenkukhu- sidinwe kakhulu
.udla esesulela phansi njengenkukhu- kabongi
.yisambane- ulamandla
.yisilwane- uyesabeka
.ngumvundla- uhlakaniphile
.yintethe yebusika- uhlakaniphe kakhulu

.yimvu- uthule
.yinkukhu- yisithutha
.yimpisi- mubi kakhulu
.litshongololo- ulenkani
.yingwe lenja-bayazondana
.lixoxo-usuthi
.yinkubu- uzimukile
.yisivunguzane-ulejubane
.yinkosi- ulunge kakhulu

4Amabala afaneleyo
Khetha amabala afaneleyo uma ubhala indaba yakho. Ungaphoseli amabala
angafanelanga ayayona indaba enhle.
.usisi-udadewethu
.ubhudi-umnewethu
.unana-usane/umntwana
.utitsha-umbalisi
.ibhuku-ugwalo
.iwatshi-inkombalanga/igcinaxetsha
.ifoni-ucingo
.ifulawuzi-iluba
.igedi-isango

Okunye okunga phazamisa umsebenzi wakho yikwehluleka ukubhala inani, isikhathi, imali kanye lenyanga zomnyaka nge si Ndebele soqobo. Nanku okunye okungakusiza ukuthi ubhale isi Ndebele esilohlonzi.
1.Isikhathi nge siNdebele
Amabala atsho ekuseni
.emathathakusa
.emadabukakusa

.empondozankomo
.kusithi nwe
.kusithi ndi
.lisithi catsha
-amabala atsho emini
.emini yekuseni
.selikhwelile/seliphezu kwezihlahla
.emini enkulu
.ngemva kwemini
-Amabala atsho ntambama
.emini yantambama
.selisiya ngena kunina
.selisiya ngomtsha wendoda
.selibantu bahle
.sokunqunda amehlo
.sekuhwalala
.phakathi kwamabili –ebusuku ( 12 midnight)

2.Inombolo ngesi Ndebele
1-kunye
2-kubili
3-kuthathu
4-kune
5-kuhlanu
6-kuyisithupha
7-kuyisikhombisa
8-kuyisitshiyagalo mbili/kuyisifica minwe mibili
9- kuyisitshiyagalo lunye/kuyisifica munwe munye
10-kulitshumi

11-kulitshumi lanye
12-kulitshumi lambili njalo njalo
20-kungamatshumi amabili
21-kungamatshumi amabili lanye
22-kungamatshumi amabili lambili njalo njalo
30-kungamatshumi amathathu
40-kungamatshumi amane njalo njalo
100-ikhulu
200-amakhulu amabili
300-amakhulu amathathu njalo njalo
1000-inkulungwane
2000-inkulungwane ezimbili njalo njalo
10 000-inkulungwane ezilitshumi
11 000-inkulungwane ezilitshumi lanye
100 000- ikhulu lezinkulungwane
200 000-amakhulu amabili ezinkulungwane
1 000 000-isigidi
2 000 000-izigidi ezimbili

3.Isikhathi sabelungu
1 am- ngehola lakuqala ekuseni
2 am- ngehola lesibili kuseni
3 am-ngehola lesithathu ekuseni
4 am-ngehola lesine ekuseni
5 am-ngehola lesihlanu ekuseni
6 am- ngehola lesithupha ekuseni
7 am-ngehola lesikhombisa ekuseni
8 am-ngehola lesifica minwe mibili ekuseni
9 am-ngehola lesifica munwe munye ekuseni

10 am- ngehola letshumi ekuseni
11 am –ngehola letshumi lanye ekuseni
12 noon-ngehola letshumi lambili emini enkulu
12 midnight- ngehola letshumi lambili phakathi kwamabili njalo njalo
1:01 pm- sekwedlule umzuzu owodwa kutshaye ihola lakuqala emini
1:10 pm- sekwedlule imizuzu elitshumi kutshaye ihola lakuqala emini
1:30 pm –sekwedlule imizuzu engamatshumi amathathu kutshaye ihola lakuqala
emini
1:55 pm- sekusele imizuzu emihlanu ukuthi kutshaye ihola lesibili emini

4.Inyanga zomnyaka ngesi Ndebele
January- Zibandlela
February-Nhlolanja
March-Mbimbitho
April- Mabasa
May- Nkwenkwezi
June- Nhlangula
July-Ntulikazi
August-Ncwabakazi
September-Mpandula
October-Mfumfu
November-Lwezi
December-Mpalakazi
Isibonelo 1. Kwakumhla zingamatshumi amabili lasithupha kuMpandula(26
September) ngomnyaka ophelileyo…..

2. Kwasokwedlule imizuzu eyisithupha kutshaye ihola le sine emini (4:05pm)….
   3.Ngabhadala inkulungwane ezimbili lamakhulu amathathu alamatshumi amane
   amadola($2 340)….

Amabala akhomba amagumbi omhlaba ngesi Ndebele

-enyakatho- north
-eningizimu-south
-entshonalanga-west
-empumalanga-east
-enyakatho mpumalanga- north east
-eningizimu mpumalanga-south east
-enyakatho ntshonalanga-north west
-eningizimu ntshonalanga- south west
Lawa alandelayo kawakhombi amagumbi omhlaba kodwa ngesi Ndebele sithi,
.enhla –kuphezulu (endaweni ephakemeyo)
.ezansi- kuphansi (endaweni esekwehleni)
Umthapho (References)
Mnkandla P.N (1978) Ulimi Lwethu, Mambo Press, Gweru
Mnkandla P.N (1970) Ilifa labobaba, MamboPress, Gweru