• They were paid low wages which could hardly meet their expenses thereby making them lead squalor/ impoverished lives.
  • The living conditions were poor as they were crowded in residential houses with inadequate sanitation.
  • The working conditions were very difficult as they were sometimes mistreated/whipped.
  • They were subjected to long working hours without compensation which made them develop negative attitude towards work.
  • They were forced to pay taxes despite their poor remuneration/ low wages.
  • There were inadequate social amenities/ schools/ health facilities to cope with the large number of workers.
  • They were despised on the basis of their colour/ race and this lowered their dignity.
  • They were not allowed to form workers’ union as the settlers feared that they would incite/ organize strikes against them.
  • They were provided with inadequate food rations which led to malnutrition.